Multidimensional Arrays in PHP
Array elements can be not only strings
and numbers, but also arrays. In this case,
we get an array of arrays or a multidimensional
array. In the following example, the array $arr
consists of three elements, which in turn
are arrays:
<?php
$arr = [['a', 'b', 'c'], ['d', 'e', 'f'], ['g', 'h', 'i']];
?>
Let's rewrite it in a more understandable form:
<?php
$arr = [
['a', 'b', 'c'],
['d', 'e', 'f'],
['g', 'h', 'i'],
];
?>
Depending on the nesting level, arrays can be two-dimensional - an array of arrays, three-dimensional - an array of arrays of arrays (and so on - four-dimensional, five-dimensional, etc.).
The array above is two-dimensional, since inside one array there are other subarrays and these subarrays do not contain other arrays. To output any element from a two-dimensional array, you should write not one pair of square brackets, but two:
<?php
$arr = [
['a', 'b', 'c'],
['d', 'e', 'f'],
['g', 'h', 'i'],
];
echo $arr[0][1]; // outputs 'b'
echo $arr[1][2]; // outputs 'f'
?>
Given the following array:
<?php
$arr = [
['a', 'b', 'c'],
['d', 'e', 'f'],
['g', 'h', 'i'],
['j', 'k', 'l'],
];
?>
Using it, output the elements with the text
'l'
, 'e'
, 'g'
and 'a'
.
Given the following array:
<?php
$arr = [[1, 2], [3, 4], [5, 6]];
?>
Find the sum of all its elements.